TMV was the first virus to be discovered by the Dimitri Ivanowski in 1892 and crystallized by the W.M Stanley. It causes mosaic disease in tobacco plant. It belongs to tobamo virus group.
It is rod shaped, containing no envelope measuring about 300nm in length and 15-17 nm in diameter.
It has a protein capsid constituting of 95% of virus and a core of nucleic acid. The capsid is in the form of a tube with a cavity measuring about 2nm in diameter. It is composed of 2130 identical capsomers which are closely packed and arranged in the form of a regular spiral or helix.
There are about 49 capsomers for every 3 turns that is about 16 per turn of the helix. There are 130 turns in a complete virus capsid.
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