Saccharomyces

Class: Acromycetes Order: Endomycetales Family: Saccharomycetaeceae Genus: Saccharomyces Saccharomyces is saprophytic fungi (Yeast) found growing abundantly in sugary substance such as fruits, syrups, jams, nectar, honey, toddy etc. it is uni-cellular but sometimes the cell may remain attached giving the appearance of a pseudo mycelium. the cells are small oval or spherical in shape and grow as white or creamy colonies on the surface of solid nutrient media. Each cell has a definite two layered cell wall made up of fungal cellulose with the chitin. The cell wall encloses the protoplasm which can be differentiated into outer ectoplasm and...

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Posted in: Microbiology

Aspergillus

Class: Acromycetes Order: Aspergillales Family: Aspregillaceae Genus: Aspergillus Aspergillus is a wide spread fungus generally saprophytic and growing stale bread , fruits, vegetables, jams, jellies, foot wear etc. a few species of Aspergillus are parasitic causing lung disease (aspergillosis) and ear infection (outomycosis). The mycelium consists of a hyaline branched, septate and multi nucleated hyphae. Most of the mycelium grows above the substratum. Some hyphae grow deep into the substratum and halt in the distribution of nutrient and encouraged. REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Asexual reproductionFrom the vegetative mycelium...

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Posted in: Microbiology

Penicillium

Class: Acromycetes Order: Aspergillales Family: Aspregillaceae Genus: Penicillium Penicillium is commonly called blue mold. It is a saprophytic found growing in decaying fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits-like orange and lemon. The mycelium consists of pale hyaline brightly hyphae which generally grow superficially on the substratum, the hyphae are septate branched and uni- nucleated. REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION It is for the formation of conidia on special branch called conidiopores. The conidiophores is the long, slender septate grows right from the vegetative hyphae . They maybe branched or unbranched. The ultimate...

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Posted in: Microbiology

Rhizopus

Class: Zygomycetes Order: Mucorales Family: Mucoraceae Genus: Rhizopus Rhizopus is commonly called bread molds. It is a saprophytic fungus found growing on bread, jam, pickles, decaying vegetables and fruits etc. the plant body consists of white cottony mycelium growing over the substratum. The young mycelium consists of long aseptate coenocytic hyphae. The older mycelium has three types of hyphae 1. Stolons : they are staut cylindrical creeping hyphae . They are differentiated in to nodes and inter nodes. 2. Rhizoidal hyphae: it produces at the node of the stolon .they are highly branched and penetrated into substratum .they...

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Posted in: Microbiology

Pythium

Class: OomycetesOrder: PeronosporalesFamily: PythiaceaeGenus: PythiumPythium is a mold of cosmopolitan distribution and consisting of about 45 species which maybe aquatic or terrestrial inhabits. It is facultative parasite on fresh water algae and seedling of many plants like mustard, papaya, tobacco, beans, ginger, etc. it also occurs saprophytic ally in moist soil. Pythium infects the host plant by the wounds. It is also responsible for the “damping- off” disease of seedling. It is also causes “soft rot”,”root rot” etc. it is also involved in decay and decomposition of the plant remains in the soil. The mycelium...

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Posted in: Microbiology

Gracilaria

Class: Rhodophyceae Order: Graclariales Family: Gracilariaceae Genus: GracilariaGracilaria is common marine red algae found growing attached to the sub-stratum such as rocks by a basal cushion disc, (lithophytes). It has large dichotomously branched thallus also called fronds. It is composed of closely compacted vertical thread like fronds which are which are dark red or pink branches reaching up to 50cm in height. The matured thallus shows little anatomical difference and T.S of the thallus shows three zones. They are peripheral layer of cell, cortex and medulla. The peripheral layer of cell is small uni or multi nucleated, some of them...

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Posted in: Microbiology